| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| DL-Phenylalanine | 250 mg | — |
| N-Acetylcysteine | 300 mg | — |
| L-Theanine | 25 mg | — |
| Tyrosine | 125 mg | — |
| Glutamine | 12.5 mg | — |
| Tryptophan | 25 mg | — |
| L-5-Hydroxytryptophan | 5 mg | — |
| Thiamine Hydrochloride | 7.5 mg | — |
| Nicotinamide | 5 mg | — |
| Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide | 1 mg | — |
| Pyridoxal 5-Phosphate Monohydrate | 10 mg | — |
| Pyridoxine Hydrochloride | 5 mg | — |
| Chromium | 50 mcg | — |
| Zinc | 5 mg | — |
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
Same category, higher SupplementScore. Based on dosage transparency, label cleanliness, and formula quality.
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
Zinc is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes involved in immune cell development and function. Supplementation may reduce duration of common cold symptoms, particularly as lozenges. Essential for maintaining immune barrier integrity.
Essential for skin integrity and wound repair processes.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine.
Cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine (separate from B12/folate remethylation pathway).
Essential cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase and other enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism.
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Alternatives are selected from the same category (B Vitamins) with a higher overall score. This is not a recommendation — always verify ingredients and dosages match your needs.
At pharmacological doses (1500-3000mg), niacin may improve HDL cholesterol. This effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
Essential coenzyme (NAD/NADP) in hundreds of metabolic reactions.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine.
Cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine (separate from B12/folate remethylation pathway).
At pharmacological doses (1500-3000mg), niacin may improve HDL cholesterol. This effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
Essential coenzyme (NAD/NADP) in hundreds of metabolic reactions.