| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| Calories | 15 Calorie(s) | — |
| Total Carbohydrate | 2 Gram(s) | 1% |
| Thiamin | 15 mg | 1000% |
| Riboflavin | 15 mg | 1154% |
| Niacin | 50 mg | 312% |
| Vitamin B6 | 50 mg | 2942% |
| Folate | 340 mcg DFE | 50% |
| Vitamin B12 | 200 mcg | 8333% |
| Biotin | 100 mcg | 333% |
| Pantothenic Acid | 50 mg | 1000% |
| Calcium | 50 mg | 4% |
| Sodium | 15 mg | 1% |
| Acetyl-L-Carnitine | 750 mg | — |
| Gotu Kola Whole Plant Extract | 750 mg | — |
| Ashwagandha root extract | 250 mg | — |
| Rhodiola root extract | 250 mg | — |
| Glycerophosphatidylcholine | 200 mg | — |
| DMAE | 130 mg | — |
| Ginkgo Leaf Extract | 120 mg | — |
| N-Acetyl L-Tyrosine | 100 mg | — |
| Grape Seed Extract | 100 mg | — |
| Sharp PS | 90 mg | — |
| Coenzyme Q10 | 50 mg | — |
| Vinpocetine | 30 mg | — |
| Alpha-Lipoic Acid | 25 mg | — |
| Huperzine A | 150 mcg | — |
Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Hydroxypropyl Cellulose, Silica, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate, modified Cellulose Gum, Magnesium Stearate
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
Same category, higher SupplementScore. Based on dosage transparency, label cleanliness, and formula quality.
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
Primary structural component of bones. Adequate lifelong intake, combined with vitamin D, helps prevent osteoporosis — supported by extensive clinical evidence.
Essential for muscle contraction through calcium signaling.
Adequate folate intake before and during early pregnancy reduces risk of neural tube defects. This is one of the most well-established findings in nutrition.
Essential cofactor for nucleotide synthesis and cell division.
Essential for red blood cell formation. Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, confirmed by decades of clinical evidence.
Involved in myelin synthesis and nerve function. Adequate B12 status supports neurological health, particularly in older adults and vegans.
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Alternatives are selected from the same category (B Vitamins) with a higher overall score. This is not a recommendation — always verify ingredients and dosages match your needs.
Cofactor in energy production pathways, but supplementation only helps if deficient.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine. Cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions.
B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine. This is a separate pathway from the B12/folate remethylation route.
At 400mg/day (far above RDA of 1.3mg), riboflavin may reduce migraine frequency. Effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
At pharmacological doses (1500-3000mg), niacin may improve HDL cholesterol. This effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
Essential coenzyme (NAD/NADP) in hundreds of metabolic reactions.
Limited evidence. May help in cases of biotin deficiency but most people get adequate amounts from diet.
Essential cofactor for carboxylases involved in gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and amino acid catabolism.
May support heart function and mitochondrial energy production. Some evidence for reducing statin-associated muscle discomfort.
Essential component of the electron transport chain in mitochondria.
Multiple RCTs show cortisol reduction and improved stress/anxiety scores, primarily with standardized extracts (KSM-66, Sensoril) at 300-600mg/day.
Limited evidence for testosterone effects, primarily in stressed or subfertile men using KSM-66 extract. Results in healthy men are inconsistent.
May improve VO2 max, strength, and recovery. Typically studied at 300-600mg/day of standardized root extract (KSM-66 or equivalent).
Essential cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase and other enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism.
Multiple RCTs show cortisol reduction and improved stress/anxiety scores, primarily with standardized extracts (KSM-66, Sensoril) at 300-600mg/day.
Limited evidence for testosterone effects, primarily in stressed or subfertile men using KSM-66 extract. Results in healthy men are inconsistent.
May improve VO2 max, strength, and recovery. Typically studied at 300-600mg/day of standardized root extract (KSM-66 or equivalent).
No FDA warnings or recalls on file.