| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| Vitamin C | 30 mg | 33% |
| Vitamin D3 | 10 mcg | 50% |
| Vitamin B1 | 5 mg | 417% |
| Vitamin B2 | 5 mg | 385% |
| Niacin | 5 mg | 31% |
| Pantothenic Acid | 5 mg | 100% |
| Vitamin B6 | 5 mg | 294% |
| Vitamin B12 | 100 mcg | 4167% |
| Folate Complex | 67 mcg DFE | 17% |
| Magnesium | 100 mg | 24% |
| Acetyl L-Carnitine | 500 mg | — |
| Bacopa monniera extract | 200 mg | — |
| Ginkgo biloba extract | 120 mg | — |
| Curcumin Phospholipid Complex | 50 mg | — |
| Asian Ginseng (Panax ginseng) extract | 40 mg | — |
| Vinpocetine | 15 mg | — |
Other ingredients: Gelatin Capsule, Proprietary Protective Methyl B12 Matrix
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
Same category, higher SupplementScore. Based on dosage transparency, label cleanliness, and formula quality.
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
May improve sleep quality, especially in older adults and those with low magnesium status.
60% of body magnesium is stored in bone. Essential for bone mineralization.
May reduce muscle cramps and support post-exercise recovery.
Essential for red blood cell formation. Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, confirmed by decades of clinical evidence.
Involved in myelin synthesis and nerve function. Adequate B12 status supports neurological health, particularly in older adults and vegans.
Cofactor in energy production pathways, but supplementation only helps if deficient.
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Alternatives are selected from the same category (Vitamin C) with a higher overall score. This is not a recommendation — always verify ingredients and dosages match your needs.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine. Cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions.
B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine. This is a separate pathway from the B12/folate remethylation route.
Supports immune cell function. Regular supplementation may modestly reduce cold duration, but does not prevent colds.
Potent water-soluble antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage.
Essential cofactor for enzymes involved in collagen production.
At pharmacological doses (1500-3000mg), niacin may improve HDL cholesterol. This effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
Essential coenzyme (NAD/NADP) in hundreds of metabolic reactions.
Adequate folate intake before and during early pregnancy reduces risk of neural tube defects. This is one of the most well-established findings in nutrition.
Essential cofactor for nucleotide synthesis and cell division.
Curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties in clinical studies, though bioavailability is low without enhanced formulations (piperine, liposomal, etc.).
Curcumin may reduce joint pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis. Effects depend on bioavailability — enhanced forms (BCM-95, Meriva, piperine) show better results than standard curcumin.
Essential cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase and other enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism.
Essential for calcium absorption. Deficiency leads to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults — a well-established causal relationship.
May reduce risk of respiratory infections. Active area of research.
Some association between low vitamin D levels and depression, but evidence is inconsistent.
At 400mg/day (far above RDA of 1.3mg), riboflavin may reduce migraine frequency. Effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.