| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| Vitamin A | 10003 IU | 200% |
| Vitamin C | 501 mg | 835% |
| Vitamin B6 | 15 mg | 750% |
| Magnesium | 3 mg | 1% |
| Zinc | 15 mg | 100% |
| Bioflavonoids | 501 mg | — |
| Echinacea angustifolia (root) extract | 230 mg | — |
| Echinacea purpurea | 230 mg | — |
| Myrrh (gum resin) extract | 200 mg | — |
| Ginger (root) extract | 100 mg | — |
| Cayenne Pepper | 65 mg | — |
| Garlic | 201 mg | — |
| Barberry (root) extract | 201 mg | — |
| Oregon Grape (root) extract | 300 mg | — |
| Grapefruit (seed) extract | 150 mg | — |
| Olive | 150 mg | — |
| Shiitake Mushroom | 150 mg | — |
| Maitake Mushroom | 150 mg | — |
Other ingredients: Di-Calcium Phosphate, Silicon Dioxide, Stearic Acid, Vegetable Magnesium Stearate, Microcrystaline Cellulose, Maltodextrin, Hypromellose, Croscarmellose Sodium, Methyl Cellulose
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
Essential for rhodopsin production in the retina. Deficiency causes night blindness — one of the earliest recognized nutritional deficiencies.
Critical role in maintaining mucosal barriers and immune cell function.
Zinc is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes involved in immune cell development and function. Supplementation may reduce duration of common cold symptoms, particularly as lozenges. Essential for maintaining immune barrier integrity.
Essential for skin integrity and wound repair processes.
May improve sleep quality, especially in older adults and those with low magnesium status.
60% of body magnesium is stored in bone. Essential for bone mineralization.
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May reduce muscle cramps and support post-exercise recovery.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine. Cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions.
B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine. This is a separate pathway from the B12/folate remethylation route.
Supports immune cell function. Regular supplementation may modestly reduce cold duration, but does not prevent colds.
Potent water-soluble antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage.
Essential cofactor for enzymes involved in collagen production.
No FDA warnings or recalls on file.