| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| Vitamin C | 67 mg | 112% |
| Niacin | 67 mg | 335% |
| Vitamin B6 | 33 mg | 1650% |
| Pantothenic Acid | 67 mg | 670% |
| Magnesium | 133 mg | 33% |
| Zinc | 10 mg | 67% |
| Copper | 2 mg | 100% |
| Manganese | 5 mg | 250% |
| Glucosamine HCl | 667 mg | — |
| Boswellin(R) | 200 mg | — |
| Sea Cucumber | 100 mg | — |
| Bromelain | 100 mg | — |
| PABA | 67 mg | — |
| Alfalfa juice concentrate | 67 mg | — |
Other ingredients: Gelatin, Magnesium Stearate
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
Same category, higher SupplementScore. Based on dosage transparency, label cleanliness, and formula quality.
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
Zinc is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes involved in immune cell development and function. Supplementation may reduce duration of common cold symptoms, particularly as lozenges. Essential for maintaining immune barrier integrity.
Essential for skin integrity and wound repair processes.
May improve sleep quality, especially in older adults and those with low magnesium status.
60% of body magnesium is stored in bone. Essential for bone mineralization.
May reduce muscle cramps and support post-exercise recovery.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine. Cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions.
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Alternatives are selected from the same category (Vitamin C) with a higher overall score. This is not a recommendation — always verify ingredients and dosages match your needs.
B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine. This is a separate pathway from the B12/folate remethylation route.
Supports immune cell function. Regular supplementation may modestly reduce cold duration, but does not prevent colds.
Potent water-soluble antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage.
Essential cofactor for enzymes involved in collagen production.
At pharmacological doses (1500-3000mg), niacin may improve HDL cholesterol. This effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
Essential coenzyme (NAD/NADP) in hundreds of metabolic reactions.