| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| Vitamin C | 609 mg | 833% |
| Vitamin E | 120 IU | 665% |
| Vitamin B6 | 15 mg | 665% |
| Calcium Carbonate | 256 mg | 10% |
| Zinc Picolinate | 75 mg | 100% |
| Saw Palmetto fruit extract | 320 mg | — |
| Pumpkin seed extract 4:1 | 150 mg | — |
| L-Alanine | 60 mg | — |
| Nettles Leaf | 50 mg | — |
| Hawthorn leaf and flowers extract | 40 mg | — |
| Pygeum Seed Extract 4:1 | 40 mg | — |
| Lycopene | 10 mg | — |
| Astaxanthin | 330 mcg | — |
Other ingredients: Gelatin
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
Same category, higher SupplementScore. Based on dosage transparency, label cleanliness, and formula quality.
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine. Cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions.
B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine. This is a separate pathway from the B12/folate remethylation route.
Supports immune cell function. Regular supplementation may modestly reduce cold duration, but does not prevent colds.
Potent water-soluble antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage.
Essential cofactor for enzymes involved in collagen production.
Protects polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes from oxidation.
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Alternatives are selected from the same category (Vitamin C) with a higher overall score. This is not a recommendation — always verify ingredients and dosages match your needs.
May help protect skin from UV damage when combined with vitamin C.
Zinc is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes involved in immune cell development and function. Supplementation may reduce duration of common cold symptoms, particularly as lozenges. Essential for maintaining immune barrier integrity.
Essential for skin integrity and wound repair processes.
Primary structural component of bones. Adequate lifelong intake, combined with vitamin D, helps prevent osteoporosis — supported by extensive clinical evidence.
Essential for muscle contraction through calcium signaling.