| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| Niacin | 15 mg NE | 94% |
| Vitamin B6 | 5 mg | 294% |
| Vitamin B12 | 50 mcg | 2080% |
| Calcium | 25 mg | 2% |
| Beta-Alanine | 3000 mg | — |
| Betaine | 2000 mg | — |
| Creatine HCl | 1500 mg | — |
| L-Taurine | 1000 mg | — |
| L-Tyrosine | 750 mg | — |
| Caffeine | 300 mg | — |
| Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root extract | 300 mg | — |
| L-Theanine | 200 mg | — |
| Dicaffeine Malate | 100 mg | — |
| Theobromine | 100 mg | — |
| Rauwolscine | 2 mg | — |
Other ingredients: Citric Acid, Natural Flavors, Malic Acid, Sucralose, Calcium Silicate, Beet juice (Beta vulgaris) root powder, Silicon Dioxide
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
Same category, higher SupplementScore. Based on dosage transparency, label cleanliness, and formula quality.
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
Primary structural component of bones. Adequate lifelong intake, combined with vitamin D, helps prevent osteoporosis — supported by extensive clinical evidence.
Essential for muscle contraction through calcium signaling.
Essential for red blood cell formation. Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, confirmed by decades of clinical evidence.
Involved in myelin synthesis and nerve function. Adequate B12 status supports neurological health, particularly in older adults and vegans.
Cofactor in energy production pathways, but supplementation only helps if deficient.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine. Cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions.
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Alternatives are selected from the same category (B Vitamins) with a higher overall score. This is not a recommendation — always verify ingredients and dosages match your needs.
B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine. This is a separate pathway from the B12/folate remethylation route.
At pharmacological doses (1500-3000mg), niacin may improve HDL cholesterol. This effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
Essential coenzyme (NAD/NADP) in hundreds of metabolic reactions.
Multiple RCTs show cortisol reduction and improved stress/anxiety scores, primarily with standardized extracts (KSM-66, Sensoril) at 300-600mg/day.
Limited evidence for testosterone effects, primarily in stressed or subfertile men using KSM-66 extract. Results in healthy men are inconsistent.
May improve VO2 max, strength, and recovery. Typically studied at 300-600mg/day of standardized root extract (KSM-66 or equivalent).
Well-researched ingredient for strength and power output. Effects are dose-dependent (typically 3-5g/day creatine monohydrate). Other creatine forms have less evidence.
Emerging evidence for cognitive benefits under stress, sleep deprivation, or in vegetarians. Brain studies typically use 5-20g/day, higher than standard athletic dosing.
Multiple RCTs show cortisol reduction and improved stress/anxiety scores, primarily with standardized extracts (KSM-66, Sensoril) at 300-600mg/day.
Limited evidence for testosterone effects, primarily in stressed or subfertile men using KSM-66 extract. Results in healthy men are inconsistent.
May improve VO2 max, strength, and recovery. Typically studied at 300-600mg/day of standardized root extract (KSM-66 or equivalent).