| Ingredient | Amount | % DV% Daily Value — how much of the recommended daily intake one serving provides, based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 100% = full daily need. Values over 100% are common for water-soluble vitamins (B, C) and generally safe. Values over 200% are highlighted. |
|---|---|---|
| Vitamin C | 100 mg | 111% |
| Vitamin D3 | 25 mcg | 125% |
| Thiamine | 50 mg | 4167% |
| Niacin | 50 mg | 313% |
| Vitamin B6 | 20 mg | 1176% |
| Vitamin B12 | 1000 mcg | 41667% |
| Pantothenic Acid | 50 mg | 1000% |
| Acetyl-L-Carnitine HCl | 500 mg | — |
| Artichoke leaf extract | 500 mg | — |
| Bacopa monnieri leaf extract | 300 mg | — |
| Rhodiola rosea root extract | 300 mg | — |
| DL-Phenylalanine | 300 mg | — |
| Uridine-5'-Monophosphate Heptahydrate Disodium | 250 mg | — |
| N-Acetyl-L-Tyrosine | 250 mg | — |
| Taurine | 200 mg | — |
| L-Theanine | 200 mg | — |
| Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine | 200 mg | — |
| Cognizin Citicoline | 150 mg | — |
| organic Coffeeberry | 129 mg | — |
| Velvet Bean (Mucuna pruriens) seed extract | 100 mg | — |
| Phosphatidylserine | 100 mg | — |
| Theobromine | 100 mg | — |
| Docosahexaenoic Acid | 80 mg | — |
| Celastrus paniculatus seed extract | 60 mg | — |
| Ginkgo biloba leaf extract | 50 mg | — |
| Coleus forskohlii root extract | 20 mg | — |
| Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium Salt | 10 mg | — |
| Huperzia serrata leaf extract | 5 mg | — |
Other ingredients: Hypromellose, organic Rice concentrate, organic Rice extract Blend, Silicon Dioxide, Calcium Carbonate
This score evaluates label quality — dosage disclosure, transparency, cleanliness of inactive ingredients, and formula composition. It does not measure clinical efficacy, bioavailability, or third-party testing. Read full methodology
Same category, higher SupplementScore. Based on dosage transparency, label cleanliness, and formula quality.
The research summaries below are about the ingredients in general, drawn from published studies that often use different doses, forms, and populations than this product. A "strong" evidence rating for an ingredient does not mean this product will produce that effect — studied doses may be significantly higher or lower than what is contained here. Always verify doses against the Supplement Facts table above.
Essential for red blood cell formation. Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia, confirmed by decades of clinical evidence.
Involved in myelin synthesis and nerve function. Adequate B12 status supports neurological health, particularly in older adults and vegans.
Cofactor in energy production pathways, but supplementation only helps if deficient.
Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis including serotonin and dopamine. Cofactor for over 100 enzyme reactions.
B6 is a cofactor in the transsulfuration pathway, converting homocysteine to cysteine. This is a separate pathway from the B12/folate remethylation route.
Supports immune cell function. Regular supplementation may modestly reduce cold duration, but does not prevent colds.
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Alternatives are selected from the same category (Vitamin C) with a higher overall score. This is not a recommendation — always verify ingredients and dosages match your needs.
Potent water-soluble antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage.
Essential cofactor for enzymes involved in collagen production.
At pharmacological doses (1500-3000mg), niacin may improve HDL cholesterol. This effect is dose-dependent and not expected at typical supplement doses.
Essential coenzyme (NAD/NADP) in hundreds of metabolic reactions.
Essential cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase and other enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism.
Essential for calcium absorption. Deficiency leads to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults — a well-established causal relationship.
May reduce risk of respiratory infections. Active area of research.
Some association between low vitamin D levels and depression, but evidence is inconsistent.
May support cardiovascular health by influencing triglyceride levels. Effect is dose-dependent (typically studied at 1-4g EPA+DHA/day).
EPA and DHA have anti-inflammatory properties through multiple pathways. Effects are dose-dependent, typically studied at 1-3g combined EPA+DHA/day.
DHA is a structural component of brain tissue. Supplementation may support cognitive health, primarily studied at 500-1000mg DHA/day in older adults.
No FDA warnings or recalls on file.